Detecting deadly fumes in subways, toxic gases in chemical spills, and hidden explosives in baggage is becoming easier and more efficient with a measurement technique called surface-enhanced Raman scattering.

Everyday, Scientist Live turns its eyes to the Web around it and highlights news and research across the Internet. Today we turn to pain pathways and HIV entry inhibitors.

Scientists have discovered how the calcium sensor protein calmodulin can gauge the local flow of calcium and global calcium flow entering the many channels across the entire cell.

The clinical trial of GAMMAGARD Intravenous Immunoglobulin has produced results that show significantly better global outcomes, cognitive performance and daily functioning in patients.

A strain of mice with the natural ability to repair damaged cartilage may one day lead to significant improvements in treatment of human knee, shoulder and hip injuries.

Scientist identifies brain receptor that triggers euphoric feelings from alcohol as well as a drug that blocks the heightened pleasure relapsing alcoholics experience.

Laboratory rats that voluntarily use cocaine demonstrated a persistent cellular memory in the brain's reward centre, even in the absence of the drug.

Studies show that a combination of environmental and genetic factors form a complex interplay that leads to the onset of schizophrenia.

Scientists have found a gene essential to photosynthesis and for iron metabolism, both of which are necessary for producing a healthy plant and nutritious food source.

Scientists are genetically modifying plant root systems to improve their ability to find the water essential to their survival as a means of compensating for inefficient irrigation methods.

Scientists have unlocked the genetic secrets behind the colour, flavour, shape, nutrition, and ripening of Kiwis, helping breeders grow new varieties.

Autopsies usually point to a cause of death but now a study of brain tissue collected during these procedures, may explain an underlying cause of major depression and suicide.

A new study now indicates that microRNA may influence the development of alcohol tolerance, a hallmark of alcohol abuse and dependence.

Contrary to common belief, recent research has shown little difference in the survival rate between HIV positive injection drug users and non-injection users.

An evaluation of recent data has led to an update in the guidelines and recommendations for anti-retroviral treatment of adult HIV infection.

Patients receiving rifampicin-based anti-tuberculosis therapy are more likely to experience virological failure when starting nevirapine-based anti-retroviral therapy.

Scientists have documented the way a superfluid influences the behaviour of a superconductor, advancing their understanding of the motion of neutron stars.

Researchers have discovered that a protein called FOXA2 controls the maintenance of proper levels of bile in the liver.

Physicists recently discovered that in a charged state, atoms arrange themselves differently than when they are uncharged.

Everyday, Scientist Live turns its eyes to the Web around it and highlights news and research across the Internet. Today we take a look at the H5N1 and 1918 pandemic influenza virus.